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2.1 Stakeholder Identification

The identification of stakeholders on any given problem is an art in itself, and there is no single way to do this that avoids all forms of selection bias. Thus, the best approach is to use several different methods. As an example we provide two different methods, though they need not both be used in all cases.

In identifying stakeholders from different segments of society it is useful to classify them in some form. The classification scheme can then provide a form of checklist to go back and see if relevant members from each group have been identified or not. Of course, not all groups are actively involved in all issues, and so they may not all provide stakeholders. The following classification scheme is offered as a loose checklist in identifying stakeholders:

 Cabinet and ministries (national)

 Parliament (national)

 Governmental advisory boards and councils

 Other governmental actors (local/regional/international)

 Other governmental 'planning offices' (CPB, SCP, RPB)

 Research institutes/consultancies

 Scientists/universities

 Sector-specific actors (from, e.g., agriculture, transport, industry)

 Umbrella organizations (e.g. VNO)

 Environmental and consumer organizations

 Unorganized stakeholders; citizens

 Media

 Other, specify:

Stakeholder and client groups